Mother Language, Native Language, Maternal Language, Innate Language

Mother Language or Innate Language

The expressions zagmak, zagmang, and sikmak mean “innate,” and “innate language” is a syntactic expression that has recently attracted attention.

We must first understand that the process of language is comprehensive and more specific than this discussion. When language is discussed, an extensive and broad field separates from it, distinguishes its components, and expands. In this process, the most consequential linguistic data affect and are transmitted to human beings and children through nature, region, and environment. Language is not biologically and naturally conveyed to a child as an innate process. Only genetic, organic, and anatomical features are given to the child in this manner. At the ontological and anthropological level, however, the people and natal region of the child and the child’s community stand in a relationship distinct from that of the mother. Through a profound and extended process, culture is transmitted to the child in a manner resembling subjection. This discussion concerns the pragmatic framework and, at the semantic level, includes matter + human being + mother + language + people + nationalist + fascist + racist + chauvinist + extremist. Anything connected with matters described as innate, transmitted to the child solely through the mother, is treated as an innate level. The physical tongue, however, is innate in all human beings and most animals, whereas language is tied to a people and a region of human speakers. In other words, the physical tongue is a piece of flesh innate in every human being, but human phonetic data and speech organs are perceived and expressed only through language, within the sphere of linguistic ecology. The character of this language is shaped through region, nature, data formation, and sound formation, causing the child to acquire language. Accordingly, it is neither correct nor scientific to bind spoken language solely to the mother on the assumption that she conveys it innately to the child. The mother is not the only participant in this process, and at the biological, sexual, gendered, and reproductive levels the act does not involve only the mother. A mother does not reproduce naturally by herself; the act requires an agent or subject who completes the process. On this basis, father + mother = child. What remains influential after this process is the region and nature that provide the child with data and sound formation. In this process, the mother bears the child and enables the child’s animation, while in language acquisition the nature and sounds of the region exercise full and active influence on the child’s language. A mother may conceive and give birth in a region far removed from the area and proximity of her own language, while the child learns the language of the new region and locality. At that point, the concepts “mother language” and “innate language” retain no meaning. This is the framework of a child’s language acquisition. Therefore, using “innate language” or “mother language” for spoken language is unscientific because these data and sounds are not transmitted from the mother to the child as genomic or anatomical properties. The expression would have to be “father’s language, mother’s language” or “mother’s and father’s language.” In truth, however, the concept and usage acquire a linguistically and biologically illogical character and move toward what the author describes as left and black feminism and other non-logical levels, producing an illogical reaction. The use of “mother language” is a literal borrowing from Persian zabān-e mādari, just as “innate language” is unscientific. As noted, this process is not transmitted solely from the mother to the child; at the pragmatic level, it encompasses physiological and biological dimensions. Historically, the discussion has carried the designation “mother language” because the mother was active and influential in raising the child while the father was more often outside the home. Today this responsibility is shared; mothers, like fathers, are outside the home, and a child may now see the father more often than the mother.

ـ If we define the child’s natural language, a mother can teach language to a child through upbringing, rearing, and speech. A stepmother can therefore also be a mother, although she is not the child’s biological mother within the child’s DNA. “Primary language,” “first language,” or “milk language” is more accurate than “mother language,” just as “the father’s language” is more accurate than “fatherly language.” What we use unscientifically as “mother language” or “innate language” is, in fact, the primary or first language.

Sabir Zhakaw

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